The Keterbatasan Tenaga Pendidik dan Penyesuaian Kurikulum pada Pendidikan Nonformal Indonesia di Malaysia

Abstract

This study examines the limitations of teaching personnel and curriculum adjustment in Indonesian nonformal education at Sanggar Belajar Broga, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. The study aims to describe the availability of educators, the implementation of multigrade learning, curriculum and lesson-plan adjustment, and the contribution of volunteers and university students participating in community service programs. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed using observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The participants consisted of educators and university students involved in the learning process, while 18 children of Indonesian migrant workers, ranging from kindergarten to Grade 4 of elementary school, became the subjects of classroom observation. The findings indicate that the learning process is constrained by the limited number of educators, as one permanent teacher is responsible for students from five educational levels in a single classroom. Differences in age, learning ability, and academic needs also require more intensive and differentiated assistance. Curriculum implementation and lesson planning have not been fully consistent due to variations in teaching approaches among changing volunteers. The presence of university students helps distribute learning assistance and provides more varied educational activities, although their contribution remains temporary. Sustainable learning therefore requires adaptive lesson planning, systematic documentation of student progress, structured handover mechanisms among volunteers, improved pedagogical capacity, and additional teaching personnel.