Operasi Transfiksi Punakawan dalam Novel Kereta Semar Lembu Karya Zaky Yamani

Abstract

This study aims to describe the operation of Punakawan transfiction in the novel Kereta Semar Lembu by Zaky Yamani. The research focuses on analyzing the concept of transfictionality within the novel using Lubomír Doležel’s "Possible Worlds" theory. A descriptive qualitative method with a text analysis approach was employed. The findings reveal three types of transfiction operations involving the Punakawan characters: expansion, modification, and transposition. Through expansion, the Punakawan characters undergo a narrative shift from their traditional role as entertainers in wayang (shadow puppetry) to becoming symbols of the common people who critique the novel's exploitative system. Through modification, the characters undergo role adjustments re represented within the novel's modern context—while retaining their original physical traits and personalities. Meanwhile, through transposition, the characters are shifted from the realm of Javanese wayang into the historical context of Indonesia's independence, serving as a vehicle for social critique and cultural transformation. The study demonstrates that through expansion, modification, and transposition, the Punakawan become a reflection of the social, political, and moral complexities of modern society. The novel blends traditional Javanese values ​​with contemporary issues, rendering it relevant to today's readers.