Implementasi Backward Chaining Berbasis Media dalam Meningkatkan Motorik Halus: Studi pada Penyandang Disabilitas Intelektual Berat: Studi Pada Penyandang Disabilitas Intelektual Berat

Mastinora Silalahi; Oman Sukmama; Zaenal Abidin

Authors

Mastinora Silalahi Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
Oman Sukmama Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
Zaenal Abidin Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Keywords:

Activities Of Daily Living, Backward Chaining, Fine Motor Skills, Severe Intellectual Disability, Social Rehabilitation

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the improvement of fine motor skills in individuals with severe intellectual disabilities through the implementation of the backward chaining method using simple media. Fine motor skills are fundamental to supporting independence in Activities of Daily Living (ADL), particularly dressing skills such as buttoning clothes. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, involving seven female clients with severe intellectual disabilities at Bhakti Luhur Mondoroko. Data were collected through direct observation, systematic progress tracking, and skill-based indicator assessments. The intervention was implemented gradually using simple media—including clothespins, coins with a piggy bank, and large-button shirts—via the backward chaining method. The findings indicated that five out of seven participants achieved fine motor skill improvements in the good-to-excellent category (80–90%), while two participants showed moderate progress (40–50%). Consequently, the backward chaining method combined with simple media proves to be effective in enhancing fine motor skills and dressing independence among individuals with severe intellectual disabilities.

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