Pengembangan Kurikulum dengan Pendekatan Kurikulum Tyler

Abstract

Curriculum is an essential component of the educational system that serves as a guideline for implementing learning processes to achieve educational objectives. Effective curriculum development is necessary to address students' needs, advances in science and technology, and societal demands. One of the most influential curriculum development models in education is the Tyler Curriculum Approach proposed by Ralph W. Tyler through the concept of Tyler Rationale. This study aims to examine the basic concepts, principles, development procedures, as well as the strengths and weaknesses of the Tyler Curriculum Approach. The research employs a library research method with a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected from various sources, including books, scholarly journals, and other relevant documents related to curriculum development. The findings indicate that the Tyler Curriculum Approach places educational objectives as the primary foundation of curriculum development. The model is structured around four main components: defining educational objectives, selecting learning experiences, organizing learning experiences, and evaluating the achievement of objectives. The Tyler Approach offers several advantages, including a systematic framework, clear direction, and ease of evaluation. However, it also has limitations because it tends to focus heavily on predetermined objectives, making it less flexible in adapting to the changing needs of students during the learning process. Nevertheless, the Tyler Curriculum Approach remains relevant as a foundation for modern curriculum development due to its ability to provide clear guidance in educational planning, implementation, and evaluation.